Частица “ли” нужна нам, чтобы обозначить косвенный вопрос.
The particle ли is used to mark an indirect question.
Например,
For example,
Он спросил, будет ли завтра гроза.
He asked IF there´d be a storm tomorrow.
Она поинтересовалась, быстро ли он читает.
She was interested if she could read fast.
Мы используем частицу “ли”, когда у нас есть косвенный вопрос без вопросительного слова.
We use it when we have an indirect question without a question word.
Сравните:
Compare:
Нам любопытно, были ЛИ Вы в Риме.
We´re curious IF you´ve been to Rome.
Нам любопытно, КОГДА Вы были в Риме.
We´re curious WHEN you were in Rome.
Есть несколько ситуаций:
There´re different situations:
Ли in one-verb sentences
Она спросила, читает ли он романы.
She asked if he read novels.
General sentence, VERB ЛИ SUBJECT OTHER INFORMATION
Ли in sentences in infinitive constructions
Он спросил, будешь ли ты обедать.
He asked if you were going to eat.
Ты спросил, должен ли я покупать лодку.
You asked me if I has to buy a boat.
General sentence, FIRST ELEMENT ЛИ SUBJECT INFINITIVE SECOND ELEMENT AND OTHER INFORMATION.
Они поинтересовались, быстро ли он бегает.
They asked if he could run fast.
General sentence, ADVERB ЛИ SUBJECT VERB
Он спросил, новый ли у них компьютер.
He asked if they had a new computer.
General sentence, ADJECTIVE ЛИ SUBJECT OTHER INFORMATION
Ли in или-sentences
Она спросила, хочет он поехать на пляж или нет.
She asked if he wanted to go to the beach or not.
General sentence, VERB SUBJECT ИЛИ OTHER INFORMATION.
В предложениях с “или” нам не нужно “ли”!
We don´t need ли in или-sentences!
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James G. "Jim" Johnson says:
Ты спросил, должен ли я покупать лодку.
You asked me if I has to buy a boat.
Better to say: “You asked whether I had to buy a boat. (or whether I was obliged or needed to buy a boat).
Jim
RobertM says:
Yes. That’s the way I was taught to recognize when I needed to use “LI” instead of “ESLI”.
If you could replace the word “IF” with “WHETHER”, then “LI” was in order.
Yulia Amlinskaya says:
Thank you! I will correct it!